Ramapo College Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Ramapo College of New Jersey is a public liberal arts college with an acceptance rate of 63%. Located in the town of Mahwah, about 30 miles from New York City, Ramapo represents a good value for students who want the undergraduate focus and personal attention of a small college without the high price of a private college. Among undergraduates, popular programs include Business Administration, Communication Studies, Nursing, and Psychology. Considering applying to Ramapo College? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Ramapo College had an acceptance rate of 63%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 63 students were admitted, making Ramapos admissions process competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of applicants 6,945 Percent Admitted 63% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 22% SAT Scores and Requirements Rampo College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 91% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 530 620 Math 520 620 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Ramapos admitted students fall within the top 35% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Ramapo scored between 530 and 620, while 25% scored below 530 and 25% scored above 620. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 520 and 620, while 25% scored below 520 and 25% scored above 620. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1240 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Ramapo College. Requirements Ramapo College does not require the SAT writing section or SAT Subject tests. Note that Ramapo participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. ACT Scores and Requirements Rampo requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 19% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 21 27 Math 19 26 Composite 21 26 This admissions data tells us that most of Ramapos admitted students fall within the top 42% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Ramapo received a composite ACT score between 21 and 26, while 25% scored above 26 and 25% scored below 21. Requirements Note that Ramapo does not suprscore ACT results; your highest composite ACT score will be considered. Ramapo does not require the ACT writing section. GPA In 2018, the average high school GPA of Ramapo Colleges incoming class was 3.42, and just under 50% had average GPAs of 3.5 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Ramapo have primarily high B grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Ramapo College Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Ramapo College. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Ramapo College, which accepts fewer than two-thirds of applicants, has a selective admissions process. If your SAT/ACT scores and GPA fall within the schools average ranges, you have a strong chance of being accepted. However, Ramapo has a holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. While not required, Ramapo encourages all applicants to visit and tour the campus as the school tracks demonstrated interest. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and test scores are outside Ramapos average range. Note that some programs at Ramapo College, including nursing, biology, physical therapy, social work, and BS/MS accounting, are more selective. In the scattergram above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. You can see that the majority of successful applicants had high school averages of B or higher, SAT scores (ERWM) of 1000 or higher, and ACT composite scores of 20 or better. Your chances are best with grades and scores above the lower ranges. If You Like Ramapo College of New Jersey, You May Also Like These Schools Rutgers  University - New  BrunswickUniversity of DelawareDrexel UniversityTemple UniversityNew York UniversityStockton UniversityThe College of New Jersey All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Ramapo College of New Jersey Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Media Exposure And Substance Use - 1951 Words

The amount of studies on the relationships between media use and substance use is miniscule in comparison to the importance of the topic. According to Primack, Kraemer, Fine, and Dalton (2009), on average, adolescents in the United States are exposed to media for over 8.5 hours per day when taking into consideration multitasking. Primack et al. aimed to study which media exposures are most strongly associated with marijuana and alcohol use among adolescents. In order to study this, the team created a survey that assessed media exposure, substance use, and sociodemographic characteristics and distributed it to a large suburban high school outside of Pittsburgh. Although the current study focused on the use of substances among college†¦show more content†¦Alcohol marketers have started to move their advertising efforts into digital and social media venues (Hoffman et al., 2014). Researchers estimate that approximately two-thirds of alcohol marketing is conducted via new media. Famous music, movies, and television shows have noticeable references to alcohol and drugs, these references as well as the move of advertising to digital and social media venues. The research team of Hoffman et al. continued research of the links among social media use and alcohol-related digital marketing. College students completed online surveys to measure their exposure to social and online media in general and their alcohol-related digital media use and alcohol use. Hoffman et al. found that young people with a positive conotation to alcohol advertising hold more favorable expectancies for drinking, approve of drinking at higher levels, believe drinking is common, and have greater intentions to drink than those that have a negative response to alcohol advertising. Overall, the results showed that participants’ use of digital media alcohol-marketing applications predicted their alcohol consumption and problem drinking. Hoffman et al.’s study gave insight on colle ge student’s opinions on marketing and alcohol and drug use instead of just investigating how prevalent it is in media. The current study included student’s views on marketing to fully understand if the marketing truly affects student’s opinions (see

Review Questions Chapter Free Essays

Coral reefs are elaborate networks of crevices, ledges, and holes made up of calcium carbonate; coral polyps are tiny animals that build coral reefs by secreting a crust of limestone around their bodies that accumulate once multiple polyps die. Coral reefs help moderate atmospheric temperatures by removing CA from the atmosphere, act as natural barriers that help protect of the world’s coastlines from erosion by battering waves and storms, provide habitats for a variety of marine organisms, produce about one-tenth of the global fish catch, one-fourth of the catch n developing countries, provide Jobs and building materials for some of the world’s poorest countries, and support fishing and tourism Industries worth billions of dollars each year. Coral bleaching is when a coral becomes stressed and the algae on which it depends for food and color die out, leaving an underlying white or bleached skeleton of calcium carbonate; this occurs because of increased water temperatures and runoff of silt from the land. We will write a custom essay sample on Review Questions Chapter or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. The two major aquatic life zones are saltwater (marine) and freshwater life zones. 3. Phytoplankton (plank plankton) are multiple types of algae; Zooplankton (animal Lankan) are primary and secondary consumers which feed off phytoplankton (primary consumers) or other zooplankton (secondary consumers these range from protozoa to large invertebrates such as Jellyfish. Alternation are much smaller plankton that may be responsible for 70% of the primary productivity near the ocean surface. Nektons are strongly swimming consumers such as fish, turtles, and whales. Penthouses are bottom dwellers that attach themselves to one spot (e. G. Barnacles, oysters, worms, lobsters, crabs). Decomposer are organisms (mainly bacteria) which break down the organic compounds in the dead bodies and wastes of aquatic organisms into simple nutrient compounds for use by aquatic producers. 4. A major advantage of living In an aquatic life zone Is the fact that there Is high biodiversity. A disadvantage Is that It Is constantly affected by human activities. 5. The four factors that determine the types and numbers of organisms found in these layers are temperature, access to sunlight for photosynthesis, dissolved 02 content, and availability of nutrients. 6. The marine systems provide climate moderation, carbon doodle absorption, nutrient cycling, waste treatment, reduced storm impact, habitats and nursery areas, emetic resources and biodiversity, scientific information, food, animal and pet feed, pharmaceuticals, harbors and transportation routes, recreation, employment, oil and natural gas, minerals, and building materials. . The coastal zone Is the warm, nutrient-rich, shallow water that extends from the Estuaries are regions where rivers meet the ocean. Coastal wetlands are land areas covered with water all or part of the year. Mangroves are the tropical counterparts of salt marshes. Temperature and salinity vary greatly in estuaries and coastal wetlands because se awater and freshwater mix, because tidal and river flows vary, and cause of land runoff. These have such a high NP because of high nutrient inputs from rivers and nearby land, rapid circulation of nutrients by tidal flows, presence of many producer plants, and ample sunlight penetrating the shallow waters. 8. The intertribal zone is the area between low and high tides. Rocky shores are beaches with a remarkable variety of species that occupy different niches in response to daily and seasonal changes in environmental conditions such as temperature, water flows, and salinity. Sandy shores are beaches with niches for different marine organisms. . Barrier islands are low, narrow, sandy islands that form offshore from a coastline. These are sought for human development because they are beautiful; however, these are at risk because the can be damaged or destroyed by flooding, severe beach erosion, or storms. The dunes should be protected because they serve as the first line of defense against the ravages of the sea. 10. Coral reefs are vulnerable to damage because they grow sl owly, are disrupted easily, and only thrive in clear, warm, and fairly shallow water of constant high salinity. Humans impact coral reefs negatively by causing ocean warming, soil erosion, algae growth from fertilizer runoff, mangrove destruction, bleaching, rising sea levels, increased UP exposure, damage from anchors, and damage from fishing and diving. 11 . The open sea is the sharp increase in water depth at the edge of the continental shelf separated from the coastal zone. Its three main vertical zones are the epiphytic zone, the bathmat zone, and the abyssal zone. The NP per unit of area is so low because of its size. 2. Humans destroy coastal wetlands for agriculture and urban development, destroy mangroves for agriculture, development, and aquaculture, erode beaches because of coastal development and rising sea levels, degrade ocean bottom habitats by dredging and trawler fishing, and damage coral reefs. 13. Freshwater life zones are the freshwater bodies of water. The two main types are standing (lentil) bodies of freshwater and flowing (lactic) bodies of freshwater. 14. Freshwater systems provide climate moderation, nutrient cycling, waste treatment, flood control, groundwater recharge, habitats for many species, genetic resources for biodiversity, scientific information, food, drinking water, irrigation water, hydroelectricity, transportation corridors, recreation, and employment. Unify, and groundwater seepage fills the depressions in the earth’s surface. The literal zone is the zone near the shore which consists of the shallow sunlit waters to the depths at which rooted plants stop growing. The liniment zone is the open, sunlit water surface layer away from the shore that extends to the depth penetrated by the sunlight. The profoundly zone is the deep, open water where is too dark for photosynthesis. Then benthic zone is the lowest part of the lake where mostly decomposer and detritus feeders are located. 16. The three types of lakes are the oligarchic (poorly nourished) lake, atrophic well nourished) lake, and the mesospheric (middle) lake. 17. Surface water is the water which doesn’t seep into the ground or evaporate. Runoff is surface water once it flows into streams. A watershed is a land area that delivers runoff, sediment, and dissolved substances to a stream. The floodplain zone is generally populated by cold-water fish. The transition zone is inhabited by producers and cool- and warm-water fish species. The floodplain zone is populated by producers such as algae, contractible, and rooted aquatic plants along the shore. 18. Inland wetlands are lands covered with freshwater all or part of the time. Marshes, swamps, prairie potholes, floodplains, and arctic tundra in the summer are examples of inland wetlands. Seasonal inland wetlands are wetlands that are only covered by water during certain times of the year. 19. Dams, diversions, and canals fragment 40% of the world’s 237 large rivers. Flood control methods built along rivers alter and destroy aquatic habitats. Cities and farmlands add pollutants and excess plant nutrients to nearby streams and rivers. Many inland wetlands have been drained or filled to grow crops or have been covered with concrete, asphalt, and buildings. How to cite Review Questions Chapter, Papers

Methodological and Cultural Perspectives

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Costa Rica Essays (3821 words) - Provinces Of Costa Rica, Costa Rica

Costa Rica The Republic of Costa Rica is in the midst of a dramatic transition from a small, Central American nation known for its bananas and good coffee into a gateway for international commerce between Latin America and the rest of the world and a well traveled, if not over traveled, tourist destination--and rightfully so. Costa Rica is a highly attractive country filled with beautiful mountain ranges, undisturbed beaches and friendly natives or Ticos. In addition, Costa Rica offers a highly educated work force, a stable economic and political environment, and exceptional communications and transportation networks--especially in comparison to its neighbors, Panama and Nicaragua. All of these national characteristics, and others, have been fueling a movement of multi-national companies, American retirees and tourists from around the world into Costa Rica, in order to benefit from these treasures. One may adequately predict that Costa Rica, specifically the capital city of San Jose and the coastal regions on both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, have the potential of becoming the "Silicon Valley" and "Ft. Lauderdale" of Central America. That is to say, the major U.S. and European firms in the personal computer and software industries, along with retirees and tourists, will continue this trend of moving into Costa Rica for the next twenty five years and maybe more. This trend and its longevity present geographers, environmentalists, politicians and economists with a seemingly insurmountable task of preventing the destruction of Costa Rica's environment, culture, society and natural resources while facilitating the expansion of both domestic and international businesses and economic growth. Facing the challenge of achieving sustainable development in Costa Rica is not specific to the public servants and scholars mentioned above, but also requires the intellectual input, physical effort and cooperation of every Tico and foreigner living or working in the county. Although there are many issues concerning sustainable development in Costa Rica requiring a wide range of solutions, the growing tourism industry and preventing the destruction of the environment through ecotourism should be the foremost priority of Costa Rica's policy makers and environmentalists. Ecotourism is an alternative to mass tourism that is educational, conserves the environment and benefits local communities. In other words, ecotourism should"incorporate economic development as a fundamental element of conservation."1 THE GEOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COSTA RICA Costa Rica is situated on the Central American Isthmus and is bordered by Nicaragua to the North and Panama to the South totaling 239 kilometers in border territory. The Central American country consists of 51,000 square miles, of which only 440 are water due to the extensive mountains dominating the majority of the country's area. These mountain ranges, peaking at 12, 529 feet at Cerro Chirripo, provide Costa Rica a wide variety of climate zones ranging from cloud forests to rain forests to coastal plains. The coastal plains in the East and the West stretch for 1,290 kilometers combined; The Pacific coast is twice a long as the Caribbean coast. Land use--6% arable, 5% permanent crops, 46% permanent pastures, 31% forests and woodland, 12% other--suggests the dominant interests of Costa Rica are agriculture and preservation and reflects a general disagreement over land use addressed later. The national park system, operated by the government, protects 14 percent of the national territory and is one of the main attractions for tourists.2 Guanacaste is the northwestern province of Costa Rica and the home of numerous developed and undeveloped (national parks) beaches and cattle ranches, the most expansive tenant in the region. Many of the Pacific beaches are isolated and are not accessible by road creating a challenge to many of those who flock to them to enjoy the excellent surfing conditions. The Gulf of Nicoya is an ideal location for sea kayaking, sport fishing and birdwatching along its undeveloped bays and coastal stretches. Many tour companies offer expeditions to these areas by boat and plane illustrating the potential of over development in a region already dominated by cattle ranches and coffee fields.3 There are four major mountain ranges that form the central corridor of Costa Rica minimizing the amount of flat land to just the sea coast. Three of theses ranges have actively erupting peaks. The Cordillera de Guanacaste extends 65 miles southeast from Lake Nicaragua and houses the active Arenal Volcano at 6,000 feet. This volcano erupted in 1968 and 1985 killing few in the sparsely populated region (54 percent of the countries population lives in urban areas).4 Lake Arenal, popular for its ideal windsurfing conditions, was formed by a rift separating the Cordillera de Guanacaste and the rest of the mountain ranges to the

Gournia summary sheet essays

Gournia summary sheet essays First discovered by archaeologist Harriet Boyd Hawes on May 20th 1901 Ruins of the settlement were visible before any excavation took place. Nearby villagers named the location of the ancient city Gournia from the stone basins or gourni visible in the area. Gournia is now one of the most excavated sites on the island of Crete. Located on a small hill, a couple hundred metres away from the sea in the Gulf of Mirabello, close to the north end of the Ierapetra Isthmus Situated near the centre of the town at the top of the hill, making it the dominant central building of the town, surrounded by cobbled streets, blocks of houses and overlooking the nearby ridges. Close to coast, enabling a shorter distance to travel when transporting goods for trade. Gournia was well known as one of Minoan Cretes major porting towns. This palace was not the centre for the production of goods as many other palaces were, however it still stored many of the towns trading goods. It is thought that there must have been an individual or small group of people to organise and supervise the workers responsible for the construction. On the basis of burial customs and the agglutinative structure of the towns such as Gournia there may have been a clan social structure. (1) There was a governing body in these palaces, possibly a king that was not only a ruler, but also a war leader, administration leader and a religious leader. (2) Minoan architects was to create a palace that is aesthetically pleasing from both inside and out Architects did not in fact plan their palaces, that they rather focused on a central room (or central court) and built a number of rooms around it - agglutinative There is no attempt to arrange them systematically, but ...

Pfizer- Puffery or Deception Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pfizer- Puffery or Deception - Essay Example ’ is pertaining to this aspect of advertising. Even if one assumes that the information given by Pfizer in the ads is truthful, it in no way justifies using Dr. Jarvik as an ambassador for Lipitor. Pharmaceuticals are products that have a scientific basis. Hence, the purpose of any advertisement pertaining to a drug should focus on educating the physicians and increasing their awareness regarding that drug. Its objective should be to convince the targeted physicians about the effectiveness of that drug by extending scientific facts and data. In that context, the association of Dr. Jarvik with the ads points towards an attempt by Pfizer to influence the medical practitioners by impressing them with the appeal and stature of Dr. Jarvik. Going by the fact that drugs are products that could have severe impact on the users, usage of emotional appeal in a drug advertisement conveys an unethical and irresponsible attitude on the part of its manufacturers. Drugs are not like cereals o r washing machines that could or should rely on celebrity endorsements to increase sales. They are products that could make or mar the life of a patient. So, the USP of any drug should be reliable and scientific data and not emotional propaganda. For one, Pfizer tried to push the sales of its product by using emotional appeal.

Wite about a relationship.. Descrive in detail the relationship's Essay

Wite about a relationship.. Descrive in detail the relationship's movement through Knapp's stages of interpersonal relationsship - Essay Example The main cause of repetition of one stage is the role that it plays in the development of the relationship as it progresses or fails. Not all boyfriend girlfriend relationships reach maturity stage and this usually happens several phases are omitted and when the relationship faces challenges at its early stage (Rothwell, 279). The initiation stage which is the first stage of coming together is very important in boyfriend girlfriend relationship development. This is because the first impressions of the partners involved are made and they are able to compare their likes and dislikes on each other. Physical influences usually play a greater role in this stage, such as the hair styles, clothing, perfumes, height and even voice. Human beings are a social being and hence would like to portray themselves as friendly, easy to share some conversations and open to debate some issues. In this stage, there are no deep conversations but it only aims at surveying the possibility of earlier personal association with someone (Rothwell, 280). Another important stage after initiation is experimentation. This is where both the boy and the girl try to observe and analyze their similarities and differences such as the carrier interests and hobbies in their lives. It is also known as the probing stage, this is because each of the two partners tries to probe one another to get relevant information that would allow the progress of the new relationship between them. This stage is where many relationships end especially when the two individuals realize that they have a lot of differences than similarities. The view relationships that go through the experimentation stage experience intensifying stage. In this stage, the partners come close to one another with the motive of knowing each other more deeply and to test the hollows the one is making. According to mark Knapp model, the relationships

Genetic Engineering of Crops Technology Research Paper

Genetic Engineering of Crops Technology - Research Paper Example In some cases, GM crops may yield entirely new products that are not normally derived from traditional crops such as medicines (Berg & Mertz, 2010). Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is found in all living things. It is a complex self-replicating molecule used by cells to pass hereditary characteristics or traits from generation to generation. It carries information that an organism needs to make protein molecules - the structural and functional constituents of the cell. Proteins are long chains composed of smaller molecules called amino acids. There are 20 different kinds of amino acids that determine how the protein will work in the cell, the structure it will take or the job it will do. DNA is the blueprint that determines the order of amino acids for any given protein. DNA differs with each species (British Medical Association, 1999). Genes that are moved from one species to another are called transgenes. Crop varieties can be created by transgenic engineering, which is the deliberate human introduction of a gene from one species, modified crops or GM crops. Although this module focuses on modifying agriculturally important plants, the principles are the same in relation to both animal husbandry and medicine, to others which are often referred to as genetically (Donnellan, 2004). Herbicides and insecticides are expensive, can pollute both the air and water and may also have negative health effects on those who apply them or work around them. In many less developed countries, the lack of safety equipment and training often results in serious health injuries and environmental degradation linked to the use of agricultural chemicals. It is the benefit to all to reduce pesticide and herbicide use (James, 2008). Farmers often rotate crops in fields, periodically sowing plants such as alfalfa that is associated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots.  GM technology is heavily covered by patents. Perceived intellectual property issues create an impression of a barrier to technology transfer. There is an urgent need for more informed policy debate about the role of intellectual property rights in biotechnology and technology transfer.  

Reflection on Task Management in Nursing

Reflection on Task Management in Nursing Description: what happened. Whilst working on a medical ward with a senior staff nurse as a mentor, I identified certain competencies which needed achieving around management of care, and negotiated these with the mentor. Accordingly, the mentor suggested that I take charge of the patient workload we had been allocated for that shift, and both prioritise the care and nursing tasks, and also attend the ward round with the medical teams, providing the nurse liaison and taking the instructions from the consultants in relation to ongoing patient care and case management. Accordingly, I agreed on the prioritisation of patient tasks and allocated the workload to the members of staff in our team, and when the ward rounds began, my mentor and I attended. However, when the doctors communicated with us, they automatically addressed her, and although she turned to me to provide key information, they continued to chiefly communicate with her, and she did not correct this. Subsequently, she took charge of the ward rounds and I remained as an observer. At the end of the ward rounds, it should have been my role to take the instructions given and to implement them in changing care plans and in directing or implementing clinical tasks. However, my mentor continued to take charge of this for the rest of the time, giving me little opportunity to experience this aspect of the role for myself. Feelings There is a great sense of responsibility associated with management tasks, which extends beyond being responsible for individual patients to being responsible for a group of patients, and for the actions of some staff allocated to their care. I felt very strongly motivated towards achieving management competencies, but also very nervous and concerned that I would do this effectively without compromising patient care. I felt that I was achieving well under supervision until the ward rounds, where the mentor ‘took over’ and did not discuss why she had done this. I then felt as if I was unable to fulfil my competencies, and that I must have failed in some way because she did not allow me to continue in the role. Evaluation It was very positive to take charge of some management tasks and to complete these effectively. In particular, other staff responded well to me taking on this responsibility (in liaison with my mentor), and this positive feedback gave me more confidence to continue in this role. However, the way that my mentor just stepped in and took charge during the ward rounds undermined my confidence and was very challenging to deal with. I felt that I should have been more assertive at this point, but did not feel I had the confidence to do this. Analysis The acquisition of the complex skills associated with the staff nurse role have always been problematic (Gerrish, 2000). However, the literature seems to suggest that nurses are learning to perform this role in a rather haphazard manner,in the light of what they perceive to be inadequate preparation and lack of support (Gerrish, 2000). Bradshaw (1998) suggests that this is partly because nursing competency is only vaguely and broadly defined, which means that preparation and assessment of competency is both haphazard and unstructured. This also suggests there may be a potential safety hazard for both patient and nurse (Bradshaw, 1998). This would certainly seem to be the case here, where the inability to fully engage with management roles does not support the student in becoming competent. Baillie (1999) in an action research study of the topic found that preparation of students for their management role as staff nurses benefits from being closely linked to practical experience, with clear learning outcomes and supportive clinical staff. In this instance, staff were generally supportive, and clear learning outcomes set, but the mentor failed to follow through to meet these outcomes completely. This may have been because the mentor felt that there was a risk to patient care and safety, but this was not communicated to the student and there may have been other ways in which this could have been managed. However, there may be other reasons for this occurrence. Cahill (1996) in a small study found there to be a type of ward culture that not only separates those with knowledge from those who need to learn, but also reinforces the position of the student through both covert and overt mechanisms of control. If such a finding were applicable in this case, then it would suggest that the mentor may have been (consciously or subconsciously) reasserting her own authority and position of power and greater knowledge. The position of student nurses may also be such that they adhere to these cultural practices in order to ensure they receive a favourable report at the end of the placement (Cahill, 1996). Lofmark and Wikblad (2001), in a study of facilitating and obstructing factors for development of learning in clinical practice, found that responsibility and independence, opportunities to practise different tasks, and receiving feedback were facilitating factors for learning. In this case, it w ould appear that responsibility was offered, but not fully, and it is problematic to see how a student can achieve true independence whilst being supervised. In Lofmark and Wikblad’s (2001) study, other perceived promoting factors included perceptions of control of the situation and understanding of the total picture. Here it would have been useful perhaps if the staff nurse had explained to the student why she retained control and why she did not follow through on her promise to allow the student to take charge. Such behaviour was found in the Lofmark and Wikblad study to be one of the obstructing factors to learning, where the nurses as supervisors did not rely on the students. Other obstructing factors were supervision that lacked continuity and lack of opportunities to practise Lofmark and Wikblad, 2001). Perception of their own insufficiency and low self-reliance were drawbacks for some students (Lofmark and Wikblad, 2001), which is also true in this reflection, but these perceptions seem to be linked to the ways in which mentors and other staff perceive and interact with students. It also appears that the NMC Code of Conduct (2004) works both to support students here but also restricts their opportunities to engage in practice, due to the need to primarily protect and support the wellbeing of the patients. Conclusion The learning that has taken place here is vitally important for continued functioning and the acquisition of confidence as a staff nurse in future. Not only do ward cultures play a large part in student experiences, but relationships are the fundamental component of how nurses function in their environment. Some aspects of the nurse-mentor relationship, while perceived as challenging, may be necessary or inevitable, and it has not become clear to me through this reflection how this can be changed, other than to raise these issues honestly with mentors during initial and mid-point interviews to acknowledge them and how they will affect the learning experience. Action Plan Explore dimensions of the nurse-mentor relationship further Raise issues of independence, power and control during initial placement interviews. Seek out ways to develop management competencies through a variety of mechanisms and experiences. Identify communication issues and potential means of addressing them. Engage in more management activities, daily, until other staff members gain trust in my ability to fulfil these roles. Attend all ward rounds to gain confidence in this area. Engage in future cycles of reflection. References Baillie, M. (1999) Preparing adult branch students for their management role as staff nurses: an action research project. Journal of Nursing Management 7 (4), 225–234. Bradshaw, A. (1998) Defining competency in nursing: an analytical review. Journal of Clinical Nursing 7 (2), 103–111. Cahill, H.A. (1996) A qualitative analysis of student nurses experiences of mentorship Journal of Advanced Nursing 24 (4), 791–799. Gerrish, K. (2000) Still fumbling along? A comparative study of the newly qualified nurses perception of the transition from student to qualified nurse Journal of Advanced Nursing 32 (2), 473–480. LÃ ¶fmark,A. Wikblad, K. (2001) Facilitating and obstructing factors for development of learning in clinical practice: a student perspective Journal of Advanced Nursing 34 (1), 43–50. Nursing and Midwifery Council. (2004). The NMC Code of Professional Conduct: Standards for Conduct, Performance and Ethics . London. Nursing and Midwifery Council.

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings: Cages :: Know Why the Caged Bird Sings Essays

I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings:   Cages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maya Angelou wrote an amazing and entertaining autobiography titled I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings, about her hard life growing up as a black girl from the South.   Among the hardships are things known as "cages" as stated as a metaphor from Paul Dunbar's poem "Sympathy."   "Cages" are things that keep people from succeeding in life and being everything they want to be.   Some of Maya Angelou's cages include being black in the 1940's and her overbearing grandmother.   In my life, a "cage" is my young age, this causes problems with adults.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A major "cage" from Maya Angelou's youth was that she was black in a prejudice southern town.   Maya has recounted in her book the times when she was discriminated against.   When she was working for a white woman named Mrs. Viola Cullinan, Mrs. Cullinan started calling her Mary, "That's [Margaret] too long.   She's Mary from now on."(pp.91) One of the most important aspects of a person is their name.   It is a great insult for someone to change your name, without your consent.   If Maya was white Mrs. Cullinan would not have changed her name and she did it only because of her racist friends and attitudes.   Even some of the white adults who supposedly supported her had hidden their racist messages in seemingly nice speeches.   Maya conveys the words of Mr. Edward Donleavy, one of the people in the masquerade, "The white kids were going to have a chance to become Galileos and Madame Curies and Edisons and Gauguins, and our boys (the girls weren't even in on it) would try to be Jesse Owenses and Joe Lousises."(pp.151)   Maya was forced to listen to Mr. Donleavy's stereotypes of how white children could be thinkers and black children can only be athletes.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What was supposed to be an encouraging speech, which Mr. Donleavy probably thought was sincere, turned out to be just another racist and stereotypical speech.   Perhaps it was not so much Mr. Donleavy's fault, because he was trying to be nice, but more of his upbringing.   Racism was the most prominent of Maya's "cages" and it is probably due to the society and ignorant ideas.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second major cage of   Maya Angelou was that she has a very strict, religious, and overbearing grandmother.   It is important that a child's guardian be caring and strict but that guardian should not be too strict.

Impacts of Electronic Media Essay

Nowadays, the terms â€Å"communication systems† are explicitly used to mean electronic communication systems. Because, Electronic communication systems has grabbed the Lion’s share of our regular means of communication. Radio, Digital TV, Mobile, Internet has made our life faster & easier & this never ending process is just always on its way to improvement. The Internet is the most dramatic and widespread application of electronics and communication technology of recent years. We can’t even think of a day without social media like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn etc. Google has become our best friend to find out the things we are looking for. Tutorials of YouTube are available anytime, anywhere for learning anything within a very short time that we don’t know. All of those that have been mentioned so far can be categorized as blessings of electronic communication systems. There are many reasons why the Internet is controversial. The problem with the Internet is the fact that anyone can access just about anything they want to from it. The thing is right now cyber-space has no real laws that limit the actual access we have on the internet. For example, pornography is a big issue because children are accessing adult content so easily without anyone having to know about it. Another issue is that there is so much obscenity and violence that goes on inside online chat rooms, and the most frightening part about it is that it is so easy for someone to trick another person with their age and get you to meet up with them. So, taking all of these into count, censorship of electronic communication systems is a necessity of time. Censorship means the change in the access status of material or materials, made by a governing authority or its representatives.  Such changes include: exclusion, restriction, removal, or age/grade level changes. Censorship of communication systems may include the examination and blocking of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other communication media that is shown to, or available, to the public. Media censorship is sometimes put into place because content is immoral or obscene, heretical or blasphemous, seditious or treasonable, or injurious to the national security. It is supposedly is used for the protection of the family and the state. Additionally some religious groups, opposed to the violence shown in different types of media, say censorship works. However, still more that believe in civil rights believe that it is an unnecessary violation of the right to freedom of speech for all humans. Censorship of the media for children is necessary, but should not be handled by government or other groups. Instead it should be directed and controlled by parents with or without children. If the government were to bring censorship, adults would not see the programs, news, reports etc in their area or around the world. For this to be avoided, the government must leave censorship to parents. To facilitate parent’s exercise of viewing censorship for their children, proper measures should be undertaken accordingly. Censorship is the keystone of the public’s apparent outcry against the electronic media. Even though there are millions and millions of viewers in all over the world that watch the networks can and should the networks be responsible for what they put on the air? Yes, they really should have some sort of morals as to the nature of the content and at what time the program airs as well. Children at a vulnerable age should not be exposed to violent acts. Because, it will affect the child’s behavior and mental growth. In a 1970, study at Pennsylvania State University, psychologist Aletha Huston showed cartoons of fists fighting superheroes to one group of four year old and nonviolent cartoons to another group. The children of the study were comprised of children that were aggressive in nature. The study found that the group that was shone the violent cartoons were more apt to hit and throw things. While the kids who watched the nonviolent cartoons remained relatively calm and docile. It was concluded that children that watch violent cartoons are more apt to commit crimes when they are adults, such as spousal abuse and drunk driving. Children might think it is okay to rob a bank, shoot someone or commit other violent crimes against another person. Also as the child grows older, he begins to believe that revenge through violence, as demonstrated on such shows as New York Undercover and NYPD Blue where people get revenge by breaking other peoples’ noses, shooting them or committing hit and runs, is okay. In other words, a false impression of reality is formed for children. We have found out that cartoons are the most violent programming found to date in television today. Between the ages of two and twelve, the average amount of television watched is approximately 25 hours per week. Most of these 25 hours are comprised of cartoons. Cartoons like Tom and Jerry, where they either get hurt or blown up, and never die and always get back together, without a scratch. Again, this promotes a false sense of reality. Nowadays, there are products out, such as the â€Å"V box†. This box is programmable by a parent to block out certain channels at certain times so that the child will not be exposed to violence on television at certain times of the day. On the other hand, networks should not be responsible for what they air. On the other hand, networks should not be responsible for what they air. In their business, the network with the highest ratings wins. Which in turn means more capital for the network. Why would a parent use television as both a babysitter and an educational outlet? Television is for entertainment purposes only. Much of the information from today’s television programming is purely fictional. And if people decide to imitate what they see on television, then so be it. Everyone in this society has the right to either lay down in the middle of a highway and die or not to or live a happy and prosperous life as demonstrated after teenager saw the movie The Program. Why should it be the responsibility of the network to change all of its programming because one person decided to do a stupid act? According to a survey conducted by Aletha Huston in 1970, she stated that all violent nature from children is linked to television. But a major flaw was found. Leonard Eron of University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research stated that, â€Å"no one is saying that all violence is inspired by television and not all homes have a moral compass. † As long as there are individuals that want networks to be responsible, should networks also restrict what they put on the air? â€Å"Long ago jurists decided free speech did not protect the right to shout fire in a crowded theater. A small child could mistakenly turn on the television and watch shows such as MTV’s Beavis and Butthead and imitate what they see. One perfect example is after watching Beavis and Butthead, Austin Meissner, a five year old, decided to take a lighter from his mother’s dresser and decided to set his house on fire. By doing this, he unwittingly killed his sister, who was only two. Austin’s mother demanded that the show be taken off the air. After watching these shows most young children cannot discern what is real and what is make believe and start to imitate what they have een. Doctor Prothrow-Stith of Harvard School of Public health stated that â€Å"I’ve come to see that more and more we use the media to teach children that violence is a way of life. We also present violence not just as a natural thing, as funny and entertaining. Children begin to learn this lesson from their first cartoons and superheroes, before moving on to the high tech-violence of action movies for adults. By the time they are teenager using violence to resolve conflict seems very natural to them. Having a thorough discussion on that side, we can never neglect the positive side of electronic communication systems specially it’s impact in the day-to-day life of students. Internet is the biggest source of all aspects. Internet covers the world happenings every day. Internet includes a variety of current issues and developments about the world. One of the benefits is internet gives lots of information to us. Students could even use the internet as a replacement of textbooks and reference books as it contains an endless source of knowledge. Students can also check the latest scientific knowledge and research. Scientist nowadays have been experimenting and discovering a lot of intriguing and new things. This type of stream is very suitable for students who are interested to further their studies in science stream. Furthermore, internet facilitate students to enter universities. This is because students can register through some of the website according to the universities of their choice. Besides, internet also contain various type of social sites. We can get new friends and even meet our old friends through these social sites. Moreover, by interacting and chatting with pen pals from overseas, we can strengthen the relations between foreign countries thus enlighten us to a better community. Last but not least, internet help us to keep abreast on latest issues and developments. Students and teenagers can understand the causes and solutions based on the headlines given. This will make them aware of the danger that lurk that can cause a lot of bad effects to the environment and surroundings. In a nutshell, Electronic means of communication supposed to be very beneficial to people of all spheres if they use it wisely and effectively.

How to Calculate Powerball Odds

How to Calculate Powerball Odds Powerball is a multistate lottery that is quite popular due to its multimillion-dollar jackpots. Some of these jackpots reach values that are well over $100 million. An interesting quest ion from a probabilistic  sense is, â€Å"How are the odds calculated on the likelihood of winning Powerball?† The Rules First we will examine the rules of Powerball as it is currently configured. During each drawing, two drums full of balls are thoroughly mixed and randomized. The first drum contains white balls numbered 1 to 59. Five are drawn without replacement from this drum. The second drum has red balls that are numbered from 1 to 35. One of these is drawn. The object is to match as many of these numbers as possible. The Prizes The full jackpot is won when all six numbers selected by a player match perfectly with the balls that are drawn. There are prizes with lesser values for partial matching, for a total of nine different ways to win some dollar amount from Powerball. These ways of winning are: Matching all five white balls and the red ball wins the grand prize jackpot. The value of this varies depending upon how long it has been since someone has won this grand prize.Matching all five white balls but not the red ball wins $1,000,000.Matching exactly four of the five white balls and the red ball wins $10,000.Matching exactly four of the five white balls but not the red ball wins $100.Matching exactly three of the five white balls and the red ball wins $100.Matching exactly three of the five white balls but not the red ball wins $7.Matching exactly two of the five white balls and the red ball wins $7.Matching exactly one of the five white balls and the red ball wins $4.Matching just the red ball but none of the white balls wins $4. We will look at how to calculate each of these probabilities. Throughout these calculations, it is important to note that the order of how the balls come out of the drum is not important. The only thing that matters is the set of balls that are drawn. For this reason our calculations involve combinations and not permutations. Also useful in every calculation below is the total number of combinations that can be drawn. We have five selected from the 59 white balls, or using the notation for combinations, C(59, 5) 5,006,386 ways for this to occur. There are 35 ways to select the red ball, resulting in 35 x 5,006,386 175,223,510 possible selections. Jackpot Although the jackpot of matching all six balls is the most difficult to obtain, it is the easiest probability to calculate. Out of the multitude of 175,223,510 possible selections, there is exactly one way to win the jackpot. Thus the probability that a particular ticket wins the jackpot is 1/175,223,510. Five White Balls To win $1,000,000 we need to match the five white balls, but not the red one. There is only one way to match all five. There are 34 ways to not match the red ball. So the probability of winning $1,000,000 is 34/175,223,510, or approximately 1/5,153,633. Four White Balls and One Red For a prize of $10,000, we must match four of the five white balls and the red one. There are C(5,4) 5 ways to match four of the five. The fifth ball must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 1) 54 ways for this to happen. There is only 1 way to match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 54 x 1 270 ways to match exactly four white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 270/175,223,510, or approximately 1/648,976. Four White Balls and No Red One way to win a prize of $100 is to match four of the five white balls and not match the red one. As in the previous case, there are C(5,4) 5 ways to match four of the five. The fifth ball must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 1) 54 ways for this to happen. This time, there are 34 ways to not match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 54 x 34 9180 ways to match exactly four white balls but not the red one, giving a probability of 9180/175,223,510, or approximately 1/19,088. Three White Balls and One Red Another way to win a prize of $100 is to match exactly three of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,3) 10 ways to match three of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 2) 1431 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 1431 x 1 14,310 ways to match exactly three white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 14,310/175,223,510, or approximately 1/12,245. Three White Balls and No Red One way to win a prize of $7 is to match exactly three of the five white balls and not match the red one. There are C(5,3) 10 ways to match three of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 2) 1431 ways for this to happen. This time there are 34 ways to not match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 1431 x 34 486,540 ways to match exactly three white balls but not the red one, giving a probability of 486,540/175,223,510, or approximately 1/360. Two White Balls and One Red Another way to win a prize of $7 is to match exactly two of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,2) 10 ways to match two of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 3) 24,804 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 10 x 24,804 x 1 248,040 ways to match exactly two white balls and the red one, giving a probability of 248,040/175,223,510, or approximately 1/706. One White Ball and One Red One way to win a prize of $4 is to match exactly one of the five white balls and also match the red one. There are C(5,4) 5 ways to match one of the five. The remaining white balls must be one of the remaining 54 that were not drawn, and so there are C(54, 4) 316,251 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 5 x 316,251 x1 1,581,255 ways to match exactly one white ball and the red one, giving a probability of 1,581,255/175,223,510, or approximately 1/111. One Red Ball Another way to win a prize of $4 is to match none of the five white balls but match the red one. There are 54 balls that are not any of the five selected, and we have C(54, 5) 3,162,510 ways for this to happen. There is one way to match the red ball. This means that there are 3,162,510 ways to match none of the balls except for the red one, giving a probability of 3,162,510/175,223,510, or approximately 1/55. This case is somewhat counterintuitive. There are 36 red balls, so we may think that the probability of matching one of them would be 1/36. However, this neglects the other conditions imposed by the white balls. Many combinations involving the correct red ball also include matches on some of the white balls as well.

One Die, Two Dice

One Die, Two Dice One Die, Two Dice One Die, Two Dice By Maeve Maddox Mickey Bayard has questions about the words die and dice. A friend and I are in dispute over the expression, The di (die , dye) is cast, we have crossed the Rubicon .   Ã¢â‚¬ ¦our conflict is over the use of di. I feel it is the singular of Dice , and therefore means the casting of a single dice or di. My friend argues that it is related to a Die cast i.e. A Sword cast in metal from a die. Both seem plausible and the spelling should help , but I have seen it both ways .So many people must be confused as well. First, Caesars frequently quoted statement is usually rendered as The die is cast. Alea iacta est (also alea jacta est, Latin: The die has been cast) is a Latin phrase attributed by Suetonius (as iacta alea est [ˈjakta ˈaË lea est]) to Julius Caesar on January 10, 49 BC as he led his army across the River Rubicon in northern Italy. Wikipedia Gambling was a favorite Roman pastime so Caesars metaphor was easily understood. Fate controlled the roll of the dice. By crossing the Rubicon, Caesar initiated the events that would play out in the civil war to follow. The plural of this kind of die is dice. I dont know about swords, but coins and other objects are cast from a die: An engraved stamp used for impressing a design or figure upon some softer material, as in coining money, striking a medal, embossing paper, etc. The plural of this kind of die is dies. The word die may come from Latin datum in the sense of that which is given or decreed [as by lot or fortune]. The dots on dice are indented. The sense of stamping block or tool for die was first recorded in the 1690s. There is historical precedent for using the plural dice as a singular, as in this example from the OED: 1751 MRS. E. HEYWOOD Hist. Betsy Thoughtless IV. 202 Protesting never to touch a card or throw a dice again. Contemporary gamers frequently use dice as a singular: The probability of one dice being a particular number is 1/6. The player may use either ONE DICE or THE OTHER, instead of adding both Dice together, to increase their count. Each player keeps one dice. This use of dice to refer to one of the dotted cubes has recently crept into directions for games intended for general audiences. The use of dice as a singular noun strikes my ear as incorrect, but I suspect that it will eventually become the norm. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Difference between "Pressing" and "Ironing"Is "Number" Singular or Plural?

The Dark Side of the Domus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Dark Side of the Domus - Essay Example The Concept of Dwelling The conception of the dwelling has significantly become a normal subject in architecture. It connects predominantly well to the sustainability revolution as well as green architecture. These concepts share a viewpoint of profound pace attachment and correlation inside the environment. The theorist Lyotard holds the viewpoint that, the dwelling requires a location of permanence so that when threatened with alteration can result to a reactionary community of separating those with divergent principles. These similarities of the sustainability revolution connect to Lyotard’s fear of a place of abode and suppose a refocus of attempts toward tackling matters of equity. There are varied attempts globally to re-establish an individual scale of locales that promote an individual’s relationship with the environment, as well as each other. These attempts fall under certain hypothetical approach, for instance, sustainability, ecological design, as well as li veability. Scale and correlation among individuals is a significant quandary in the West. The sustainability upheaval correlates and reacts to Heidegger’s conception of dwelling, the significance of being in the universe. However, Lyotard visualizes dwelling as a prospective driver of isolation and disparity due to its dependence on commonly held principles. Lyotard refutes the notion of dwelling as a way to warn and criticize the standing and limitation of sustainability as well as ecological building uprisings nowadays (Ballatyne, 1998). The significant notion in the conception of the dwelling is the comprehension of how appropriate individuals can exist in their surroundings. For instance, the presumption of th building is dwelling and these buildings offer the act of residing in a certain place. A house, nonetheless, provides the act of residing but is not a place of abode. Individuals work within the city but live outside. Individuals also commute and live here and there . The concept of dwelling simply describes the occupation of temporary housing. It is the fundamental nature of human existence the summation of all the principles, and needs a connection to the soil. The individual fundamental, nature is present in the globe as in a heimat. This location specificity is further explicated as the real meaning of dwelling. This connection to a locale elucidates the other connotations of dwelling to be revealed. The principal element of the dwelling is to be at tranquillity and secure inside an individual’s preserve. Dwelling offers one of the most crucial human requirements and security. Individuals usually build to safeguard themselves from the universe. A place of abode is not just for individuals to be guarded. It is also meant to conserve the items that encircle the individual. This implies that nature is to be safeguarded. The mutual interrelationship calls for an innate understanding of a certain region that does not correlate to the pers istent structures of movement of varied present day individuals (Neil, 2009). People’s spatial existence has become detached by a rapidly altering community; consequently, the notion of the dwelling has emerged in the living areas as well as the daily existence in the city. This elucidates the

Global marketing report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Global marketing report - Essay Example BRICS is contributing to the defining of the global economy with China playing the greatest role. China is expected to challenge the US in the coming years. India follows the footsteps of China although its emergence is much slower and less impressive. Brazil, Russia, and South Africa are probably the least emergent among the BRICS countries, but this does not mean that they are not emerging. The emergence of these countries offers opportunities to global companies operating in them. In addition, there are challenges and risks that global managers will have to overcome in order to drive their organisations to success. This study examines the economic and political challenges and difficulties that are faced by managers of multinational companies in the Chinese market. The study also examines the economic and political opportunities and benefits that accrue to these managers as they manage their companies in ChinaThis study discusses the opportunities and challenges faced by the managers of the British American Tobacco in their operation in the most successful BRICS countries – China. Close monitoring of political and economic challenges will be the key to their success.. â€Å"Today’s peril is not of the Chinese behind the gun; rather it is that one of the Chinese as the manufacturers of guns† (Jain 2010, p. 155). This statement displays how newspapers’ writers view China as a threat to the developed economies in terms of economic expansion. China, with its cheap labour and keen aptitude for imitation, is competing with the West. The above quote is extracted from Wagel’s (1980) book, which was originally published in 1914 and reprinted in 1980. Therefore, the debate about China becoming more developed than other countries has been going on for more than 90 years. The rapidest growth has been witnessed in the past three decades. The Chinese economy even

Social Learning Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Learning Theory - Essay Example One of the key assumptions of Bandura was that the environment of a person creates his or behavior therefore if it is necessary to improve the behavior of the individuals, it is critical that the environment must be improved or constructive to allow people to learn positive traits. The social learning theory from the criminology perspective has largely been developed by Akers , Burgess as well as the work of Sutherland. An associated concept with this theory is also the concept of differential association theory which suggests that criminal behaviors could be learned through interactions with others. The implementation of a new policy change by the Anytown’s department therefore may be a step towards ensuring that the children are not exposed to the abusive behaviors and their learning should take place in more healthy and positive environment. The decision to separate children from the abusive parents or caretakers therefore may be seen from different perspectives as it may b e better action however could lead to different ethical and moral implications too. Moral and Ethical Implications A society comprises of different individual units and family is one of the most important units in any given society. According to Social learning theorists, people tend to learn the moral behaviors over the period of time therefore children specially see their parents as models for what is right and wrong. As such the overall development of a child’s moral and ethical perspectives is firmly connected with their parents and guardians. What is also important to understand that when children grow as adults and have to make their own moral judgments they often rely on the values... Social Learning Theory It is however, critical that the learning through this interaction may also have different impacts on the children also. However, this move may also point out certain important ethical and moral implications too if the policy is implemented. One of the key questions which could therefore be raised may be based upon the argument that the families and parents may lose their control over their children as well as the children may be dependent on others for their overall development. Apart from assessing the moral and ethical implications of the proposed policy change, this paper will also make an assessment of the effect on those who are involved and will be implicated under this change. The impact on the society as a whole as well as the family as a unit will also be discussed and explored in this paper. Before discussing the moral and ethical implications of this policy change, it is important to provide a theoretical background of Social Learning Theory. This is also important due to the fact that department has made a reference to this theory as an academic argument in favor of this policy change. The decision to implement a new policy change to protect children from the abusive and criminal behavior of their parents may be considered as a better decision by the department. Though children may face the issues like identity as well as role he is forced to play however, if children are provided better opportunities to be groomed as positive and more constructive citizens, this action may be considered as effective.

Seiu-Caw Dispute Essay Example for Free

Seiu-Caw Dispute Essay I do not believe it had such a big effect on democracy as even when the vote was held 10,000 workers voted 92% in favor of joining the CAW which shows that democracy was still implemented by them holding a vote and 92% wanting to join the CAW. 3. Some of the damages the Canadian labour union might suffer due to disputes such as this are international alliances between unions could be hurt if the international unions are not able to trust their locals for support and their backing in all situations. Also with more Canadian unions starting to move toward national unions instead of international unions disputes such as this might slow the switch down once they see the challenges and possible repercussions they face from breaking away from the international unions. Disputes like this can also have an effect on gaining new members into unions and many individuals may see these disputes as unwanted and something can occur if they join a union which might persuade them to not consider joining. 5. National autonomy from International parent unions has to deal with local unions gaining independence to make their own decisions, apart from the decisions being made by a parent union outside the country which usually does not understand the demands and wants of the local union members and uses strategies and polices that are effective in their country which might not be effective in Canada. A local union can gain autonomy from their International parent by instituting and governing some of their own policies that are more representative of the local members that they represent. A local union can also join a district labour council which functions to advance the interests of the labour movement at the local and municipal level whereas the international parent union probably does not understand the issue at the local level. If the local union implements these strategies they can enjoy some autonomy from their international parent union while still enjoying some of the benefits of the parent union such as the specialists they usually have in different areas such as bargaining and grievances and in training programs available to their members.

Justice and Peace: The Road to Christian Salvation Essay examples -- R

Justice and Peace: The Road to Christian Salvation War appears to be the most vicious and unpleasant form of human interaction. No other setting allows people to kill each other in such substantial numbers or to cause such incredible and extensive distress. Wars often take many years to develop and they can last for years longer than that and the effects duplicate for decades and even centuries afterwards. A question that is frequently asked is: If war is so terrible, why do people continue to allow it to occur? A simple answer to this can be why isn’t war simply eliminated. Oddly, some actually seem to be fond of war. Armed battle is glorified for making us superior, stronger, and worthwhile beings even though we still have the power and strength to kill others. In the United States society today, the average person feels that war is simply miserable and a vicious act. The Christian majority seem to have bought into the myth that making war, like the rest of foreign policy, is not a moral issue, just a matter of fact. Faith requires Christians to determine when, and under what conditions, they may participate in the war making process. Christians strive for peace but realize in certain extreme cases that war may be a necessary evil to rectify certain situations and this can be shown through the current situation with Iraq. Unfortunately, at this point in time war appears to be inevitable with Iraq. The United States has done everything in its power to communicate with Iraq and discuss negotiations as well as trying to get Iraq to disarm. According to the tenets of Christianity it is imperative that they try to find a peaceful resolution. A Christian â€Å"faith is a relationship with God† (Thomps... ...ar is unavoidable then a just war can take place if necessary. Is war truly the answer to all of our problems or is peace our only means to justice and freedom? Christians would say that peace is our only means to justice and freedom because nonviolent confrontation is much more effective than violence by any means. This can be carried out through love, courage, strength, hope, and wisdom. â€Å"Such action is faithful to the vision of a people living out a life of reconciliation in a violent world† (Yoder 134). Works Cited Kegley, Charles W Jr., and Raymond, Gregory A. From War to Peace. New York: St. Martins Press, 2001. Thompson, Milburn J. Justice and Peace: A Prime for Christians. New York: Orbis Books, 2002. Walzer, Michael. Just and Unjust Wars. New York: Basic Books, 2000. Yoder, John Howard. What Would You Do? Pennsylvania: Herald Press, 1992.

The Movie Othello :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

The Movie Othello The movie Othello is full of very believeable and well developed characters. As it is a tradgedy, thought, we have to have a victim or victims, in this case Othello, and the cause of their misery, which is Iago. Iago manipulates Cassio, Roderigo, Emilia, and Othello, useing a variety of methods. Iago's plots are skillfully crafted with multiple levels of intrigue. Iago also pays attention to the smallest detail, proveing his skill as a villian. Thus, Iago is a masterful villian who manipulates all those around him. Iago manipultes Cassio, Roderigo, Emilia, and Othello in several ways. Cassio is manipulated by Iago first getting him fired. Then, under the guise of friendship, Iago suggests that Cassio ask Desdemona for help in getting reinstated. This is an ingenius move on as his part, as Cassio must pursue Desdemona's help behind Othello's back. Roderigo is manipulated by Iago's telling him to pursue Desdemona, even though Desdemona is already married. Although this is a blatent lie on Iago's part, as the viewer sees not a single hint that Desdemona even acknowledges Roderigo's existance, it is so cleverly delivered to Roderigo that he takes as a fact, even when the facts show otherwise. Iago controls Emilia through her love that she has for him. He uses her love of him to get her to steal Desdemona's handkerchief. Othello is manipulated by suggestion and hints that are carefully worded and said at just the right moment. Each one weakens his faith in Desdemona a little more. Then Iago produces "evidence" to add weight to his innuendos. The evidence is so believeably delivered and Othello already so incenced by Iago's words that Othello does not even question the truth of what he sees. This skillful manipulation of those around qualifies Iago as a supreme villian. Iago's plots are skillfully crafted and contain multiple levels of intrigue. Iago gets Cassio drunk and disorderly until he starts a fight. Iago then goes to Othello and tells him that he should not allow such behavior and to fire Cassio. Then Iago convincea Cassio to pursue Desdemona's help on the sly. Finally, Iago uses Cassio's pursuit of Desdemona on the sly as proof of their

Mob Mentality in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay

The critic Kenny Williams states that the Colonel Sherburn scene inThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark twain, â€Å"allow[s] a brief platform for Twain to express his own contempt for mobs in an era known for such activities and lawlessness. † This draws the attention to other scenes Twain uses to show his contempt for activities in society. In his novel Mark Twain uses characters and scenes to show his disdain for zealot faith, corrupt human nature, and blind adherence to law. In the beginning of the novel, Mark Twain shows his disdain for the blind faith of religion through Huck’s confusion. For example, when Huck states; â€Å"I says to myself, if a body can get anything they pray for, why don’t Deacon Winn get back the money he lost on pork? Why can’t the widow get back her silver snuffbox that was stole? Why can’t Miss Watson fat up? No, says I to myself, there ain’t nothing in it,† (14) he cannot comprehend how the answers to prayers can be selective. Twain uses Huck to show his own opposition towards the blind faith people put in prayer, when they rarely receive what it is they are praying for. Twain also shows his distaste for the gullibility of religious people. In chapter twenty, when the King and Huck visit a church, the King pretends that he is a pirate, who after hearing this sermon is now reformed, and will try to convince his fellow pirates to follow in his footsteps. The people of the church believe his story with no hesitation and even go as far as to take up a collection for his quest to reform the other pirates. â€Å"And then he busted in to tears, and so did everybody else. Then somebody sings out ‘Take up a collection for him, take up a collection! ’ †¦ So the King went all through the crowd with his hat, swabbing his eyes, and blessing the people and praising them and thanking them for being so good to the poor pirates away off there;†¦ and he was invited to stay a week; and everybody wanted him to live in their houses, and said they’d think it was an honor† (Twain 155-156). In this situation, Twain is satirizing the gullibility of religion and its haphazard impact on a mob. The people in this church are easily able to give money to pirates, who are known for being crooks and liars, inviting them to stay in their homes as an honor. Thus, Twain shows his disdain for religious beliefs by satirizing their blind faith and gullibility. Throughout the novel, Twain shows his contempt for corrupt human nature. Although these instances are often satirized and exaggerated, the message is still the same. For instance, when the King and the Duke first start to lie about being the dead Peter Wilks’ brothers to obtain his money, Huck says, â€Å"It was enough to make a body ashamed of the human race,† (191). In this instance Twain is utilizing Huck to show his aversion to the way people lie and cheat, and how a couple of people can make a bad name for all of us. Another example is when Jim sells the King and Duke out to the townspeople and they are carried on a pole, tarred and feathered. Although Huck, has tried to escape the King and Dukes several occasions and has witnessed the cruelties put on others and lies they tell, he does not think that they deserve similar treatment. In fact, he says, â€Å"Human beings can be awful cruel to one another,† (269). Through Huck, Twain is voicing his opposition to how people treat one another, whether they deserve it or not. Thus Twain is using his novel to voice his enmity for the cruelty in human nature. Twain also shows his aversion to the lack of free thought in humans. The highly satirical character, Tom, is the best example of people actions being the result of other peoples thoughts. Tom often comes up with crazy plans that that follow a uniform procedure because the books he has read say so. â€Å"Why blame it all, we’ve got to do it. Don’t I tell you it’s in the books? Do you want to go to doing different from what’s in the books, and get things all muddled up? †(12). Even though Tom has no idea what some rules of the books are, he does them anyway, because that is what he believes he is supposed to do; and if he does not go by the book he believes things will go wrong. Through Tom, Twain shows peoples adherence to rules, because they follow the doctrine with which they were taught. In Twain’s novel Huck steals chickens from people, because his father told him it was a good deed. Even though he knows it is wrong, Huck steals because â€Å"Pap always said, take a chicken when you get a chance, because if you don’t want him yourself you can easy find someone that does, and a good deed ain’t ever forgot,† (77). Thus Twain shows his objection of the lack of originality of thought in society in his book. Mark Twain disagreed with many things in the world, and he used The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn to voice his frustration. Although often exaggerated and satirical, through the main and secondary characters, Twain pokes fun at the gullibility of people towards religion, cruelty, and followers. In conclusion, these instances show how the mindlessness of the mob mentality is a result of the credulousness of the religious, malice of humans, and the habitues of the world.

Thomas Edison - The Inventor With 1,093 Patents

Thomas Edison - The Inventor With 1,093 Patents Thomas Edison was one of historys most influential inventors, whose contributions to the modern era transformed the lives of people the world over. Edison is best known for having invented the electric light bulb, the phonograph, and the first motion-picture camera, and held an astonishing 1,093 patents in total. In addition to his inventions, Edisons famous laboratory in Menlo Park  is considered the forerunner of the modern-day research facility. Despite Thomas Edisons incredible productivity, some consider him a controversial figure and have accused him of profiting from the ideas of other inventors. Dates: February 11, 1847 October 18, 1931 Also Known As: Thomas Alva Edison, Wizard of Menlo Park Famous Quote: Genius is one percent inspiration, and ninety-nine percent perspiration. Childhood in Ohio and Michigan Thomas Alva Edison, born in Milan, Ohio on February 11, 1847, was the seventh and last child born to Samuel and Nancy Edison. Since three of the youngest children did not survive early childhood, Thomas Alva (known as Al as a child and later as â€Å"Tom†) grew up with one brother and two sisters. Edisons father, Samuel, had fled to the U.S. in 1837 to avoid arrest after having openly rebelled against British rule in his native Canada. Samuel eventually resettled in Milan, Ohio, where he opened a successful lumber business. Young Al Edison grew into a very inquisitive child, constantly asking questions about the world around him. His curiosity got him into trouble on several occasions. At three years old, Al climbed a ladder to the top of his fathers grain elevator, then fell in as he leaned over to look inside. Fortunately, his father witnessed the fall and rescued him before he was suffocated by the grain. On another occasion, six-year-old Al started a fire in his fathers barn just to see what would happen. The barn burned to the ground. An enraged Samuel Edison punished his son by giving him a public whipping. In 1854, the Edison family moved to Port Huron, Michigan. That same year, seven-year-old Al contracted scarlet fever, an illness that possibly contributed to the future inventors gradual hearing loss. It was in Port Huron that eight-year-old Edison started school, but he only attended for a few months. His teacher, who disapproved of Edisons constant questions, considered him somewhat of a mischief-maker. When Edison overheard the teacher refer to him as addled, he became upset and ran home to tell his mother. Nancy Edison quickly withdrew her son from school and decided to teach him herself. While Nancy, a former teacher, introduced her son to the works of Shakespeare and Dickens as well as to scientific textbooks, Edisons father also encouraged him to read, offering to pay him a penny for each book he completed. Young Edison absorbed it all. A Scientist and Entrepreneur Inspired by his science books, Edison set up his first lab in his parents cellar. He saved his pennies to purchase batteries, test tubes, and chemicals. Edison was fortunate that his mother supported his experiments and didnt close down his lab after the occasional small explosion or chemical spill. Edisons experiments didnt end there, of course; he and a friend created their own telegraph system, crudely modeled upon the one invented by Samuel F. B. Morse in 1832. After several failed attempts (one of which involved rubbing two cats together to create electricity), the boys finally succeeded and were able to send and receive messages on the device. When the railroad came to Port Huron in 1859, 12-year-old Edison persuaded his parents to let him get a job. Hired by the Grand Trunk Railroad as a train boy, he sold newspapers to passengers on the route between Port Huron and Detroit. Finding himself with some free time on the daily trip, Edison convinced the conductor to let him set up a lab in the baggage car. The arrangement did not last long, however, for Edison accidentally set fire to the baggage car when one of his jars of highly flammable phosphorus fell to the floor. Once the Civil War began in 1861, Edisons business really took off, as more people bought newspapers to keep up with the latest news from the battlefields. Edison capitalized upon this need and steadily raised his prices. Ever the entrepreneur, Edison bought produce during his layover in Detroit and sold it to passengers at a profit. He later opened his own newspaper and produce stand in Port Huron, hiring other boys as vendors. By 1862, Edison had started his own publication, the weekly Grand Trunk Herald. Edison the Telegrapher Fate, and an act of bravery, handed Edison a most welcome opportunity to learn professional telegraphy, a skill which would help determine his future. In 1862, as 15-year-old Edison waited at the station for his train to change cars, he spotted a young child playing on the tracks, oblivious to the freight car heading straight for him. Edison leaped onto the tracks and lifted the boy to safety, earning the eternal gratitude of the boys father, station telegrapher James Mackenzie. To repay Edison for having saved his sons life, Mackenzie offered to teach him the finer points of telegraphy. After five months of studying with Mackenzie, Edison was qualified to work as a plug, or second-class telegrapher. With this new skill, Edison became a traveling telegrapher in 1863. He stayed busy, often filling in for men who had gone off to war. Edison worked throughout much of the central and northern United States, as well as parts of Canada. Despite unglamorous working conditions and shabby lodgings, Edison enjoyed his work. As he moved from job to job, Edisons skills continually improved. Unfortunately, at the same time, Edison realized that he was losing his hearing to the extent that it might eventually affect his ability to work at telegraphy. In 1867, Edison, by now 20 years old and an experienced telegrapher, was hired to work in the Boston office of Western Union, the nations largest telegraph company. Although he was at first teased by his co-workers for his cheap clothes and countrified ways, he soon impressed them all with his rapid messaging abilities. Edison Becomes an Inventor Despite his success as a telegrapher, Edison longed for a greater challenge. Eager to advance his scientific knowledge, Edison studied a volume of electricity-based experiments written by 19th-century British scientist Michael Faraday. In 1868, inspired by his reading, Edison developed his first patented invention an automatic vote recorder designed for use by legislators. Unfortunately, although the device performed flawlessly, he could not find any buyers. (Politicians didnt like the idea of locking in their votes immediately without the option of further debate.) Edison resolved to never again invent something for which there was no clear need or demand. Edison next became interested in the stock ticker, a device that had been invented in 1867. Businessmen used stock tickers in their offices to keep them informed of changes in stock market prices. Edison, along with a friend, briefly ran a gold-reporting service that used the stock tickers to transmit gold prices into subscribers offices. After that business failed, Edison set about improving the performance of the ticker. He was becoming increasingly dissatisfied with working as a telegrapher. In 1869, Edison decided to leave his job in Boston and move to New York City to become a full-time inventor and manufacturer. His first project in New York was to perfect the stock ticker that he had been working on. Edison sold his improved version to Western Union for the enormous sum of $40,000, an amount that enabled him to open his own business. Edison established his first manufacturing shop, American Telegraph Works, in Newark, New Jersey in 1870. He employed 50 workers, including a machinist, a clockmaker, and a mechanic. Edison worked side-by-side with his closest assistants and welcomed their input and suggestions. One employee, however, had captured Edisons attention above all others Mary Stilwell, an attractive girl of 16. Marriage and Family Unaccustomed to courting young women and hampered somewhat by his hearing loss, Edison behaved awkwardly around Mary, but he eventually made it clear that he was interested in her. After a brief courtship, the two married on Christmas Day, 1871. Edison was 24 years old. Mary Edison soon learned the reality of being married to an up-and-coming inventor. She spent many evenings alone while her husband stayed late at the lab, immersed in his work. Indeed, the next few years were very productive ones for Edison; he applied for nearly 60 patents. Two notable inventions from this period were the quadruplex telegraph system (which could send two messages in each direction simultaneously, rather than one at a time), and the electric pen, which made duplicate copies of a document. The Edisons had three children between 1873 and 1878: Marion, Thomas Alva, Jr., and William. Edison nicknamed the two eldest children Dot and Dash, a reference to the dots and dashes from the Morse code used in telegraphy. The Laboratory at Menlo Park In 1876, Edison erected a two-story building in rural Menlo Park, New Jersey, conceived for the sole purpose of experimentation. Edison and his wife bought a house nearby and installed a plank sidewalk connecting it to the lab. Despite working close to home, Edison often became so involved in his work, he stayed overnight in the lab. Mary and the children saw very little of him. Following Alexander Graham Bells invention of the telephone in 1876, Edison became interested in improving the device, which was still crude and inefficient. Edison was encouraged in this endeavor by Western Union, whose hope it was that Edison could create a different version of the telephone. The company could then make money from Edisons telephone without infringing upon Bells patent. Edison did improve upon Bells telephone, creating a convenient earpiece and mouthpiece; he also built a transmitter that could carry messages over a longer distance. Invention of the Phonograph Makes Edison Famous Edison began to investigate ways in which a voice could not only be transmitted over a wire, but recorded as well. In June 1877, while working in the lab on an audio project, Edison and his assistants inadvertently scratched grooves into a disc. This unexpectedly produced a sound, which motivated Edison to create a rough sketch of a recording machine, the phonograph. By November of that year, Edisons assistants had created a working model. Incredibly, the device worked on the first try, a rare outcome for a new invention. Edison became an overnight celebrity. He had been known to the scientific community for some time; now, the public at large knew his name. The New York Daily Graphic christened him the Wizard of Menlo Park. Scientists and academics from around the world praised the phonograph and even President Rutherford B. Hayes insisted upon a private demonstration at the White House. Convinced that the device had more uses than as a mere parlor trick, Edison started a company devoted to marketing the phonograph. (He eventually abandoned the phonograph, however, only to resurrect it decades later.) When the chaos had settled down from the phonograph, Edison turned to a project that had long intrigued him the creation of an electric light. Lighting the World By the 1870s, several inventors had already begun to find ways to produce electric light. Edison attended the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876 to examine the arc light exhibit displayed by inventor Moses Farmer. He studied it carefully and came away convinced that he could make something better. Edisons goal was to create an incandescent light bulb, which was softer and less glaring than arc lighting. Edison and his assistants experimented with different materials for the filament in the light bulb. The ideal material would withstand high heat and continue to burn for longer than just a few minutes (the longest time they had observed up until then). On October 21, 1879, the Edison team discovered that carbonized cotton sewing thread exceeded their expectations, staying lit for nearly 15 hours. Now they began the work of perfecting the light and mass-producing it. The project was immense and would require years to complete. In addition to fine-tuning the light bulb, Edison also needed to consider how to provide electricity on a large scale. He and his team would need to produce wires, sockets, switches, a power source, and an entire infrastructure for delivering power. Edisons power source was a giant dynamo a generator that converted mechanical energy into electric energy. Edison decided that the ideal place to debut his new system would be downtown Manhattan, but he needed financial backing for such a grand project. To win investors over, Edison gave them a demonstration of electric light at his Menlo Park lab on New Years Eve, 1879. Visitors were enthralled by the spectacle and Edison received the money he needed to install electricity to a portion of downtown Manhattan. After more than two years, the complex installation was at last completed. On September 4, 1882, Edisons Pearl Street Station delivered power to a one square mile section of Manhattan. Although Edisons undertaking was a success, it would be two years before the station actually made a profit. Gradually, more and more customers subscribed to the service. Alternating Current Vs. Direct Current Soon after the Pearl Street Station had brought power to Manhattan, Edison became caught up in the dispute over which type of electricity was superior: direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC). Scientist Nikola Tesla, a former employee of Edisons, became his chief rival in the matter. Edison favored DC and had used it in all of his systems. Tesla, who had left Edisons lab over a pay dispute, was hired by inventor George Westinghouse to build the AC system which he (Westinghouse) had devised. With most of the evidence pointing to AC current as the more efficient and economically feasible choice, Westinghouse chose to support AC current. In a shameful attempt to discredit the safety of AC power, Edison staged some disturbing stunts, purposely electrocuting stray animals and even a circus elephant using AC current. Horrified, Westinghouse offered to meet with Edison to settle their differences; Edison refused. In the end, the dispute was settled by consumers, who preferred the AC system by a margin of five to one. The final blow came when Westinghouse won the contract to harness Niagara Falls for the production of AC power. Later in life, Edison admitted that one of his biggest mistakes had been his reluctance to accept AC power as superior to DC. Loss and Remarriage Edison had long neglected his wife Mary, but was devastated when she died suddenly at the age of 29 in August 1884. Historians suggest that the cause was probably a brain tumor. The two boys, who had never been close to their father, were sent to live with Marys mother, but twelve-year-old Marion (Dot) stayed with her father. They became very close. Edison preferred to work from his New York lab, allowing the Menlo Park facility to fall into ruin. He continued to work on improving the phonograph and the telephone. Edison married again in 1886 at the age of 39, after proposing in Morse code to 18-year-old Mina Miller. The wealthy, educated young woman was better suited to life as the wife of a famous inventor than had been Mary Stilwell. Edisons children moved with the couple to their new mansion in West Orange, New Jersey. Mina Edison eventually gave birth to three children: daughter Madeleine and sons Charles and Theodore. West Orange Lab Edison built a new laboratory in West Orange in 1887. It far surpassed his first facility at Menlo Park, comprising three stories and 40,000 square feet. While he worked on projects, others managed his companies for him. In 1889, several of his investors merged into one company, called Edison General Electric Company, the forerunner of todays General Electric (GE). Inspired by a series of groundbreaking photos of a horse in motion, Edison became interested in moving pictures. In 1893, he developed a kinetograph (to record motion) and a kinetoscope (to display the moving pictures). Edison built the first motion picture studio on his West Orange complex, dubbing the building the Black Maria. The building had a hole in the roof and could actually be rotated upon a turntable in order to capture the sunlight. One of his best-known films was The Great Train Robbery, made in 1903. Edison also became involved in mass-producing phonographs and records at the turn of the century. What had once been a novelty was now a household item and it became very lucrative for Edison. Fascinated by the discovery of X-rays by Dutch scientist William Rontgen, Edison produced the first commercially-produced fluoroscope, which allowed real-time visualization inside the human body. After losing one of his workers to radiation poisoning, however, Edison never worked with X-rays again. Later Years Always enthusiastic about new ideas, Edison was thrilled to hear about Henry Fords new gas-powered automobile. Edison himself attempted to develop a car battery that could be recharged with electricity, but was never successful. He and Ford became friends for life, and went on yearly camping trips with other prominent men of the time. From 1915 until the end of World War I, Edison served on the Naval Consulting Board a group of scientists and inventors whose goal it was to help the U.S. prepare for war. Edisons most important contribution to the U.S. Navy was his suggestion that a research laboratory be built. Eventually, the facility was built and led to important technical advances that benefited the Navy during World War II. Edison continued to work on several projects and experiments for the remainder of his life. In 1928, he was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal, presented to him at the Edison Laboratory. Thomas Edison died at his home in West Orange, New Jersey on October 18, 1931 at the age of 84. On the day of his funeral, President Herbert Hoover asked Americans to dim the lights in their homes as a way of paying tribute to the man who had given them electricity.